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Llama la atención que la mayoría de las fuentes y opiniones citadas en el artículo ?Un rescate para España pondría en aprietos al euro? del New York Times, son de economistas españoles. “Ha tenido gran repercusión en nuestro país”, expresa la nota que en interrogante titula: ¿Critica realmente a España el New York Times?.
¿Critica realmente a España el New York Times?
El artículo ?Un rescate para España pondría en aprietos al euro? del New York Times ha tenido gran repercusión en nuestro país. En él el diario considera que una ?crisis de la economía española como la de Irlanda podría forzar al límite la capacidad de los miembros más fuertes de la Unión para ayudar a los débiles y arrojaría dudas sobre el euro?. Pero llama la atención que la mayoría de las fuentes y opiniones citadas ? son de economistas españoles.
El artículo lo firma Raphael Minder, corresponsal del diario en España, y analiza varios aspectos problemáticos la situación económica de España. El primer experto que aparece citado es Pablo Vázquez, de la Fundación de Estudios de Economía Aplicada. Él es quien asegura que ?Europa puede asumir el hundimiento de Irlanda, incluso quizá el de Portugal, pero no el de España, así que la última línea de defensa de España es este conocimiento de que es demasiado grande para fracasar?.
Jordi Galí, director del Centro de Investigación de Economía Internacional, de la Universidad Pompeu Fabra, es quien explica la situación de la deuda española: ?El problema de España es el de las expectativas autorrealizadas. Si los inversores esperan que España tenga problemas para refinanciar su deuda a corto o medio plazo, entonces España tendrá problemas. Esto se agrava debido al hecho de que la reticencia de los inversores a adquirir la deuda pública del país conduce a un aumento del tipo de interés al que tiene que pagar y por lo tanto también del déficit presupuestario y la cantidad de deuda que tiene que emitir?.
Antonio Fernández responsable de reestructuración e insolvencia en Garrigues también aparece como fuente al fínal del artículo comentando que la negativa de Zapatero a refinanciar la deuda del ?poderoso? Ayuntamiento de Madrid es ?una señal muy fuerte? de firmeza de cara a los mercados internacionales.
Además de estos tres expertos, aparecen opiniones de Edward Hugh, un economista independiente de Barcelona que apunta que los ?bancos españoles ya tienen bastantes problemas, pero su exposición a Portugal – son los principales prestamistas de las entidades lusas- podría convertirse en la carta que derribara todo el castillo de naipes?.
Y finalmente Ralph Solveen, el responsable de cubrir España para el Commerzbank, es quien señala que ?la vulnerabilidad de España aumentaría si el gobierno se aparta de sus objetivos de recorte del deficit o los bancos muestran nuevas señales de fragilidad.?
26 de Noviembre de 2010
radiocable.com
News Analysis
A Spanish Bailout Would Test Europe?s Strained Finances
By RAPHAEL MINDER
Published: November 24, 2010
MADRID ? Europe so far has survived the bailout of Greece. The financial rescue of Ireland also is manageable. Even if Portugal becomes the third country to succumb and seek aid, as many people widely predict, it is unlikely to push Europe to the financial brink.
A broker on the floor of the stock exchange in Madrid on Wednesday.
But any bailout of Spain ? with an economy twice the size of the other three combined ? could severely stress the ability of Europe?s stronger countries to help the financially weaker ones, and spell deep trouble for the euro, Europe?s common currency. Even though Spain, like Ireland, has adopted an austerity plan to help it avoid the need for a bailout, it still could need aid if its banking system proves frailer than the government thinks it is, as was the case in Ireland.
This troubling possibility has unnerved lenders, with Spain?s borrowing costs rising even though Madrid has cut its deficit and the country?s banks maintain they have sufficient strength to absorb their bad real estate loans. ?Europe can afford the collapse of Ireland, even perhaps that of Portugal, but not that of Spain, so Spain?s ultimate line of defense is in fact this knowledge that it?s too big to fail and that it represents a systemic risk for the euro,? said Pablo Vázquez, an economist at the Fundación de Estudios de Economía Aplicada, a research institute here.
Reflecting the worries of investors, the yield spread between Spanish 10-year government bonds and those of Germany continued to widen on Wednesday ? to as high as 2.59 percentage points, the biggest gap since the introduction of the euro. Spreads typically widen when investors perceive greater risk of not being repaid.
The problem for Spain is one of ?self-fulfilling expectations,? said Jordi Galí, director of the Center for Research in International Economics at Barcelona?s Pompeu Fabra university. ?If investors expect Spain to have trouble refinancing its debt, now or somewhere down the road, then Spain will have trouble,? he added. ?This is only aggravated by the fact that the reluctance of investors to purchase the country?s public debt leads to an increase in the interest rate it has to pay and thus in the budget deficit and the amount of debt it has to issue.?
Elena Salgado, Spain?s finance minister, insisted on Wednesday that Spain would not need rescuing. She told Spanish radio that ?we are in the best position to resist against these speculative attacks.? Indeed, some say that one of Spain?s relative strengths is that a large amount of its government debt ? 203.3 billion euros ($271.1 billion) ? is owed to its own banks, rather than foreign lenders. If the government?s financial condition worsens, the thinking goes, Spanish banks would have a greater incentive to help out by easing terms on the loans than would foreign banks, which might take a harder line.
Of course, it is a bit of a double-edged sword; if the Spanish banks need to ease terms to help the government, they could be forced to swallow steep losses, hurting their balance sheets.
The likelihood of entering such a vicious circle could also rise next year, when Spain is due to repay lenders 192 billion euros, or about a fifth of the total debt. As a result of increasing interest it would have to pay for new borrowing, Spain faces a rise of 18 percent in the cost of financing its debt, according to the government?s budgetary plan.
Investor nervousness is mounting just as Madrid is reining in a budget deficit that reached 11.1 percent of gross domestic product last year. Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, initially slow to recognize the crisis, narrowly pushed through Parliament last May an austerity package that included 15 billion euros of spending cuts. As a result, Spain?s central government deficit fell 47 percent in the first 10 months of this year, according to government figures released on Tuesday.
Ireland also made steep spending cuts, but still needed a bailout. The main reason is that its banks were a lot more troubled than the government realized, and it could not afford the cost of supporting them without help from Europe.
The looming question is whether Spanish banks are really as healthy as the government and the banks say they are.
New York Times
Tags: spanish banks new york times españa
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